Generic
Iron - Iron is a rather common item at Blacksmiths under misc. The best way to get Iron is by Fast Travelling between the Blacksmith in Riften and the Blacksmith in Solitude. They are just far enough away that their stock has replenished by the time you get back.
Sawn Wood - You can get Sawn Wood from almost any Sawmill in Skyrim. Particularly for those in Falkreath, you may want to go a little further to get your goods since certain Sawmills play part in quests where the owners may be killed leaving the mill empty (like Halfmoon Mill which is part of a Dark Brotherhood quest to kill the Vampire owners). The wood will be "delivered" to your home when you buy it (basically, it follows you everywhere but you aren't required to carry it).
Straw - The best place to find this is at the General Goods Store "Bits and Pieces" in Solitude.
Glass - The best place to find this is at the General Goods Store "Bits and Pieces" in Solitude.
Falkreath
Clay - If you walk out of your home and slightly to the right (about 45 degrees), you should see a small clay vein on the hill side. It's hard to see. If you've already built stables, it just off the front most corner of the stable.
Stone - If you walk out the front door and turn left, there will be a cliff face. turn left and follow the cliff face until you see piece of the cliff that looks like it's been smashed away.
Iron - From your work bench, follow the path just beyond and look left. Not far from the work bench should be a large iron vein in the ground. Once that's depleted and if it hasn't returned, Iron is a rather common item at Blacksmiths under misc.
Corundum - Similarly to the Iron, there is a Corundum Vein nearby. If you go up the hill to the right and go all the way to the highest point, you should see some tucked away under a rock. It's kind of hard to see as it isn't entirely revealed.
The Pale
Clay - If you go behind your carpenter's bench area, you should be able to find a clay deposit. Immediately under the small outcropping that the bench is on, against the wall will be both a stone quarry and a clay deposit.
Stone - If you go behind your carpenter's bench area, you should be able to find a stone quarry. Immediately under the small outcropping that the bench is on, against the wall will be both a stone quarry and a clay deposit.
Hjaalmarch
Clay - You'll find a deposit of Clay behind your house. Go behind your property and turn left. You'll see a path leading down to the water and on the left near the wall will bea Stone Quarry and just beneath that will be a clay deposit.
Stone - You'll find a stone quarry behind your house. Go behind your property and turn left. You'll see a path leading down to the water and on the left near the wall will bea Stone Quarry and just beneath that will be a clay deposit.
Steward
By bringing a non-essential follower to your home, you can have them become your Steward. The Steward can get Clay, Stone, and Sawn Wood for you as well as purchasing special services like a Carriage or Bard. They can also furnish rooms in your house and buy livestock for your home.
